Comparative Study on Diuretic Effect of Buchanania angustifolia Roxb., and Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Fruit Extracts and Fractions

Article history: Received on: 09/06/2014 Revised on: 17/07/2014 Accepted on: 04/08/2014 Available online: 27/08/2014 The present study was attempted to evaluate diuretic potency of total alcoholic extracts and its polar and non polar fractions of Priyala fruits (Buchanania angustifolia, Buchanania lanzan Fam: Anacardiaceae) in rats. Healthy adult Wistar albino rats weighing about 150-200 g were used for the study. Acute toxicity study was performed to determine therapeutic dose of the extracts and fractions. Lipschitz method was employed for the assessment of diuretic activity, the control group received normal saline (25ml/kg P.O), and standard group received Frusemide (20mg/ kg, P.O). The remaining groups were treated with two doses (250 and 500mg/kg) of Buchanania angustifolia and Buchanania lanzan total alcoholic extracts, n-hexane insoluble and n-hexane soluble fractions. Total alcoholic extracts, n-hexane insoluble and n-hexane soluble fractions of the both fruits have shown significant diuresis when compared with control at 5 hrs. Out of two doses 500mg/kg has shown significant diuretic property resulting in the superior urine excretions of Na and K ions which can be compared to that of standard. With the same dose Buchanania angustifolia was found to be better diuretic than Buchanania lanzan. Priyala fruit extracts and n-hexane fractions produced significant diuretic effect at a dose of 500 mg/kg which appeared to be comparable with that of the standard drug Frusemide. However, further studies are encouraged to isolate the active phytochemical constituent for exploring exact mechanism of diuresis.